四分量钻孔应变观测资料的换算和使用   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

邱泽华  阚宝祥  唐磊 《地震》2009,29(4)

水平四分量钻孔应变仪观测的是地表附近一点的水平应变变化. 但是其直接记录并非应变变化,应根据互检条件先进行实地相对标定(计算元件校正系数),然后用理论固体潮进行实地绝对标定(计算探头校正系数),才能进行应变换算,给出可作为应变变化使用的数据. 因为钻孔应变仪观测的是应变变化,所以实地标定和应变换算都需要用增量. 对于精确的研究,这些校正系数都可能随时间变化,因而需要根据具体问题按特定时间段对校正系数进行计算. 该文比较系统地说明了四分量钻孔应变观测资料换算和使用的基本步骤和具体方法,并以姑咱台的观测资料为例,给出了具体分析结果.  相似文献   

车辆GPS轨迹加油行为建模与时空分布分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘汇慧  阚子涵  吴华意  唐炉亮 《测绘通报》2016,(9):29-34

车辆加油行为不仅反映了能源的消耗和补充情况,同时也是能源需求和能源配置的重要指标,传统基于小样本问卷的加油行为调查方法无法揭示城市宏观加油行为的时空分布特征。本文采用时空GPS轨迹大数据,对城市加油行为进行了描述与建模,并分析了其时空分布规律。该方法采用车辆与道路距离、平均速度、时间间隔、轨迹点间距4个指标,对加油行为进行了描述并建模;分析了在一定时间间隔采样下,加油行为轨迹4个指标的具体时空特征;最后以武汉市出租车GPS轨迹数据为例,探测并分析了武汉市出租车加油行为与时空分布规律。试验结果表明,本文方法可有效探测和分析城市加油行为,并能够揭示能源空间配置低效情况。  相似文献   

基于遗传算法的应急疏散方案研究     

马超  郭健  阚映红  王卉  唐金龙 《测绘科学技术学报》2012,(6):459-462

应急疏散是应对突发事故的一项重要工作,已有的研究从宏观或微观的角度进行分析建模,但没有考虑到疏散方案的问题。在描述了应急疏散方案问题的基础上,建立了应急疏散方案问题的数学模型,设计了一种遗传算法应用于生成疏散方案。通过仿真实验,较快地得出了问题的近似最优解,证实了将遗传算法运用于应急疏散方案问题的有效性。  相似文献   

奎屯、乌苏和独山子地区城市重组策略初探   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

董雯  阚耀平  张小雷  邓锋 《干旱区地理》2005,28(1):130-135

新疆经济的发展带来了新疆城市化速度的加快,也给奎屯、乌苏与独山子提供了巨大的发展机遇,但行政区划的分割使这一地区的发展空间严重受限。区域生产要素的跨区域流动提出了区域体制创新的要求,而原有的城市重组局限于行政单元的重新组合划分或单纯提高行政级别,难以从根本上解决城市发展空间拓展问题。从行政区划的基本理论出发,通过对城市重组进行了内涵和外延更广的界定,并提出了城市重组的目的和方式。在此基础上对该地区在发展中存在的主要问题进行了分析,在该区及其附近区域相互作用强度的分析基础上提出了对其进行城市重组的具体策略。  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal stability of the climatic signal in northern Fennoscandian pine tree-ring width and maximum density     

MERVI TUOVINEN  DANNY McCARROLL  HÅKAN GRUDD  RISTO JALKANEN  SIETSE LOS 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2009,38(1):1-12

The spatial and temporal stability of the climatic signal in pine tree - ring width and maximum density is examined using data from four sites in northern Sweden and Finland. Moving-window multiple linear regression, using monthly and daily climate data, indicates that ring widths at all sites have been strongly controlled by July temperatures throughout the past century. The relationship between maximum density and temperature is stronger but much less stable across both space and time. Shifts in the hottest part of the summer do not explain large shifts in the period most strongly influencing density. It is concluded that palaeoclimate reconstructions based on northern Fennoscandian pine tree - ring width chronologies should be restricted to the temperature of midsummer (July), whereas maximum density should be used to reconstruct the temperature of a longer growth season (June to August). They thus provide different and compl e mentary palaeoclimate signals. At all four sites, the correlation between maximum density and June to August mean temperature is lowest in the latter half of the 20th century, but split sample tests with strong verification statistics (RE and CE) show that this represents a quantitative change in the strength of the correlation with climate, rather than a qualitative change in the nature of that relationship, and thus does not invalidate climate reconstructions.  相似文献   

金湖凹陷天96断块阜二段储层裂缝多参数定量预测   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

周巨标  石先达  丁玉盛  阚延坤  施新月 《地质力学学报》2015,21(3):341-350

基于应变能、表面能理论, 采用格里菲斯岩石破裂准则, 建立了金湖凹陷天96断块造缝期古地应力、现今地应力与裂缝参数之间的关系; 基于构造分析确定了造缝时期古地应力的类型和方向, 用声速法和水力压裂法确定了现今地应力的方向和大小, 将古今地应力场的数值模拟结果导入裂缝参数计算模型中, 模拟计算了天96断块阜二段裂缝的密度、开度、孔渗参数, 并结合古地应力场分析以及岩心裂缝统计数据对裂缝预测结果进行验证; 最后, 综合分析了影响天96断块裂缝发育的因素。   相似文献   

Regeneration and utilization of nutrients during collapse of a Mesodinium rubrum red tide and its influence on phytoplankton species composition     

Yafeng ZHANG  Xiuxian SONG  Paul J.HARRISON  Sheng LIU  Zhiming YU  Jinjun KAN  Peiyuan QIAN  Hao LIU  Kedong YIN 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2018,(10)

High-biomass red tides occur frequently in some semi-enclosed bays of Hong Kong where ambient nutrients are not high enough to support such a high phytoplankton biomass. These high-biomass red tides release massive inorganic nutrients into local waters during their collapse. We hypothesized that the massive inorganic nutrients released from the collapse of red tides would fuel growth of other phytoplankton species. This could influence phytoplankton species composition. We tested the hypothesis using a red tide event caused by Mesodinium rubrum(M. rubrum) in a semi-enclosed bay, Port Shelter. The red tide patch had a cell density as high as 5.0×10~5 cells L~(-1), and high chlorophyll a(63.71 μg L~(-1)). Ambient inorganic nutrients(nitrate:NO_3~-, ammonium: NH_4~+, phosphate: PO_4~(3-), silicate: SiO_4~(3-)) were low both in the red tide patch and the non-red-tide patch(clear waters outside the red tide patch). Nutrient addition experiments were conducted by adding all the inorganic nutrients to water samples from the two patches followed by incubation for 9 days. The results showed that the addition of inorganic nutrients did not sustain high M. rubrum cell density, which collapsed after day 1, and did not drive M. rubrum in the non-red-tide patch sample to the same high-cell density in the red tide patch sample. This confirmed that nutrients were not the driving factor for the formation of this red tide event, or for its collapse. The death of M. rubrum after day 1 released high concentrations of NO_3~-,PO_4~(3-), SiO_4~(3-), NH_4~+, and urea. Bacterial abundance and heterotrophic activity increased, reaching the highest on day 3 or 4, and decreased as cell density of M. rubrum declined. The released nutrients stimulated growth of diatoms, such as Chaetoceros affinis var. circinalis, Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii, and Nitzschia sp., particularly with additions of SiO_4~(3-) treatments, and other species. These results demonstrated that initiation of M. rubrum red tides in the bay was not directly driven by nutrients.However, the massive inorganic nutrients released from the collapse of the red tide could induce a second bloom in low-ambient nutrient water, influencing phytoplankton species composition.  相似文献   

数字地貌晕渲光照模型研究     

李少梅  阚映红  陈艳丽  陈庆秋 《测绘学院学报》2010,(1)

光照模型是地貌晕渲图能够在2维平面获得地貌3维立体形态的主要原因。在计算机图形学的基础上,推导了基于数字高程模型的晕渲光照模型计算公式;通过对相关文献公式的分析,指出了数字地貌晕渲采用的光照模型与传统地貌晕渲几何光学原理的关系;并对该模型下地表灰度值的计算与变化进行了分析研究。  相似文献   

不同媒介上地图特点和制作技术研究     

阚映红  车森  肖强 《测绘与空间地理信息》2010,33(4):170-172

对纸质地图、电子地图以及网络地图进行了分析和研究,讨论了各自的特点,总结了其生产流程和使用条件,指出了它们之间的联系和区别,为各类地图的制作和应用提供重要参考。  相似文献   

Low protein variability and genetic similarity between populations of the polar bear (Ursus maritimus)     

THOR LARSEN  HÅKAN TEGELSTRÖM  R. KUMAR JUNEJA  MITCHELL K. TAYLOR 《Polar research》1983,1(1):97-106

Blood samples from a total of 460 polar bears ( Ursus maritimus ) from various Arctic regions, but excluding the USSR, were collected during the period 1967-1981 to study electrophoretic variation in different proteins. Two hundred and one samples from Alaska, 48 from the Canadian Arctic, 89 from Svalbard, and 21 from Northeast Greenland were collected during the period 1967-1973 and were analysed by vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to study transferrin and hemoglobin polymorphism. Thirty-one samples collected in 1974 were analysed by starch gel electrophoresis for 14 enzyme systems in serum and red blood cells. Seventy samples collected from Alaska, the Barents Sea, and Canada in 1980-81 were studied by starch gel electrophoresis, and further analysed for protein variation by thin-layer isoelectric focusing, horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and two-dimensional electrophoresis. In all, about 75 loci were analysed for variation. The degree of protein and enzyme variation in the polar bear was observed to be relatively low. Starch gel electrophoresis revealed variation of an unidentified serum protein. The distribution of this protein indicates a closer connection between bears in Alaska and Canada compared to those in Greenland and Svalbard, but the differences were not significant. As in many large mammals, the information from protein variation in polar bears has limited use for management purposes. We could not find any simple system usable for identification of discrete populations. On the basis of protein variation as sole criterion, the populations investigated could not be separated. Possible explanations for the uniformity of blood proteins can be exchange of bears between geographical areas and/or a high selective pressure in polar bears.  相似文献